1.What is required for speciation to occur?

Periods of rapid evolutionary change

Geographic isolation

Long periods of time

Genetic isolation

Answer: Genetic isolation

2. The wing of a bird and the arm of a human are examples of ________ structures.

vestigial
molecular
homologous
analogous

Answer: homologous

3. Homology is evidence of ______, while analogous structures are evidence of ______.

convergent evolution; common ancestry

punctuated evolution; divergent evolution

common ancestry; convergent evolution

paedomorphosis; stabilizing selection

Answer: common ancestry; convergent evolution

4. Below are examples of changes that occur in life. Which one is an example of biological evolution?

A cell starts to express a different set of genes when it is exposed to high levels of testosterone

Your taste in music changes dramatically between middle school and high school.

A young man’s muscles increase in strength and bulk after he starts lifting weights.

In New York City, the average wing length of pigeons decreases over a period of 150 years.

Answer: A cell starts to express a different set of genes when it is exposed to high levels of testosterone

5. The word “theory” in theory of evolution is best replaced by ________.

fact
hypothesis
idea
alternate explanation

Answer: fact

6. individual differences with a genetic basis lead to ______ in successive generations.

variation
normalization
extinction
Answer: variation

7. Which variable increases the likelihood of allopatric speciation taking place more quickly?

Equivalent numbers of individuals in each population

Increased instances of hybrid formation

Longer distance between divided groups

Lower rate of mutation

Answer: Longer distance between divided groups

8. Phylogeny is a description of ____________.

mutations
DNA
evolutionary history
organisms on Earth

Answer: evolutionary history

9. Examine the phylogenetic tree. The organism at point C was ___________.

an ancestor that had some features now shared by both Archaea and Eukarya

an Archaean similar or identical to Pyrodicticum

a Diplomonad or similar eukaryote

Answer: an ancestor that had some features now shared by both Archaea and Eukarya

10. Complete the following analogy: Microevolution is to population as macroevolution is to ______________.

genes

reproduction

individuals

species

Answer: species

11. Microevolution is defined as _______________.

changes in the frequency of alleles in the gene pool

emergence of new species

changes in population size

changes in the composition of the population

changes in community size

Answer: changes in the frequency of alleles in the gene pool

12. Which of the scenarios below represent a gene pool that has changed through some process of microevolution?

A moth population increases from 3,000 individuals to 33,000 individuals over a period of favorable weather.
Your cells express different genes today than they did when you were born.
A mouse population (about 10,000 mice total) starts with 99% of the mice tan and 1% white; after 20 years 70% are tan and 30% are white.
Answer: A mouse population (about 10,000 mice total) starts with 99% of the mice tan and 1% white; after 20 years 70% are tan and 30% are white.

13. Geographic isolation could result from ____________.

an earthquake

a hurricane

all of the above

a fire

an ice age

Answer: all of the above

14. Elephants travel long distances in search of food. Using vibrations felt in the ground, family members traveling separately can communicate with each other. Based on your knowledge of evolution, the ability to communicate over long distances probably developed ___________________________.

slowly over millions of years

by accident

over a ten year period

as a strategy to decrease reproduction

as a way to communicate with humans

Answer: slowly over millions of years

15. After a disastrous blizzard, there was a significant increase in the allele frequency of blue eye color in Husky dogs. The frequency of alleles for brown-eyed dogs was 7.5% and the allele frequency for hazel-eyed dogs was 22.5% of all alleles for the population. What is the allele frequency percentage for the blue-eyed Husky dogs in this population?

Answer: 70%

16. A food poisoning outbreak is traced to a new strain of Salmonella bacteria that has a highly potent version of the enterotoxin protein. This toxin is partially responsible for the vomiting and diarrhea associated with Salmonella food poisoning. This is an example of ______________.

mutation.

gene flow

genetic drift

macroevolution

Answer: mutation

17. What are the similarity of fish, frog, bird, and human embryos evidence of?

Analogy

Common ancestry

Genetic Drift

Genetic mutation

Answer: Common ancestry

18. After a drought in 1977, the number of birds on Daphne Major Island decreased by ___________ times compared with the original population size.

20

8

2

12

Answer: 12

19. The 1977 drought was followed by a significant increase in the proportion of medium ground finches with large bills. Based on the graphs, the mean (average) beak depth size approximately changed __________________.

from 13mm to 14.2mm

from 8mm to 13mm

from 9.5mm to 12mm

from 9.5mm to 10.2mm

Answer: from 13mm to 14.2mm

20. After the 1977 drought, the main finding about the medium ground finches on Daphne Major Island was that __________________.

fewer large-beaked finches survived

small-beaked finches outnumber large-beaked finches

the average size of their beaks increased

more large-beaked finches died

Answer: the average size of their beaks increased

More Solved math problems Devry MATH221 Week 1 Homework

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