1.As governor of New Netherland, Petrus Stuyvesant:

a.   refused the open practice of religion by Quakers and Lutherans. 

b.   saw women as equals in the Dutch Reformed Church.         

c.   encouraged the Dutch colonists to convert the Indians.       

 d.   welcomed all religious faiths to the colony.   

 e.   favored Catholics over Jews in New Amsterdam.    

Answers: refused the open practice of religion by Quakers and Lutherans. 

  2. Christian liberty” was the basis for religious toleration.  

True

False       

Answers: True               

3. What was a difference between Chinese and Portuguese navigation?

  a.   The Chinese wanted to spread their religion.

  b.   The Portuguese had no interest in establishing trade ports.

 c.   The Chinese were not looking to discover new places.  

  d.   The Portuguese naval fleet consisted of more ships that were much larger than Chinese vessels.       

e.   The Portuguese did not want to spread Christianity and hoped to learn from other world religions.

Answers:   The Chinese were not looking to discover new places.             

4. In Europe on the eve of colonization, one conception of freedom, called “Christian liberty,”      

a.   referred to the policy of trying to overthrow any non-Christian regime around the world.     

b.   found expression in countries dominated by Catholics but not in primarily Protestant ones.   

 c.   argued that all Christians should have equal political rights.    

d.   was a set of ideas today known as “religious toleration.

e.   mingled ideas of freedom with servitude to Jesus Christ concepts that were seen as mutually reinforcing.

Answers: mingled ideas of freedom with servitude to Jesus Christ concepts that were seen as mutually reinforcing.

5. What was the most significant result of Ferdinand Magellan’s explorations?

 a.   He was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean.

b.   He and his men were the first Europeans to encounter bison.          

c.   He led the conquering of the Aztecs.          

d.   His voyages showed that the circumference of the earth was longer than what Columbus had estimated.          

e.   He died in the Caribbean islands.   

Answers:            He was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean.            

6. Which of the following statements about Spanish America is true?

 a.   The Catholic Church played only a minor role in Spanish America.          

b.   Mestizos enjoyed much political freedom and held most of the high government positions.          

c.   Spaniards outnumbered the Indian inhabitants after fifty years of settlement.          

d.   Spanish America was very rural and had few urban centers.        

e.   Over time, Spanish America evolved into a hybrid culture—part Spanish, part Indian, and, in some areas, part African.  

Answer:          Over time, Spanish America evolved into a hybrid culture—part Spanish, part Indian, and, in some areas, part African.                  

7. Most, although not all, Indian societies were matrilineal.   

 True                       

False                          

Answers: True

8 “Coverture” refers to:                  

a.   knowing your place in society, especially at church when sitting in the pews.          

b.   a binding legal agreement between an indentured servant and his or her master.         

c.   a tax one pays on one’s property that is assessed quarterly.        

d.   a woman surrendering her legal identity when she marries.          

e.   a woman’s responsibility to wear a scarf covering her head when in public.  

Answer: a woman surrendering her legal identity when she marries.          

 9. The actions of Bartolomé de las Casas can best be described in modern-day terminology as that of a(n):   

a.   curious intellectual.        

b.   whistleblower.          

c.   religious zealot.          

d.   greedy businessman.         

e.   irrational man.   

Answer:   whistleblower                      

10. Patroonship in New Netherland:           

a.   involved joint Dutch and Indian control of farmland.          

b.   led to one democratic manor led by Kiliaen van Rensselaer.          

c.   was a great success, bringing thousands of new settlers to the colony.         

d.   meant that shareholders received large estates for transporting tenants for agricultural labor.          

e.   was like a system of medieval lords.                 

Answer:  meant that shareholders received large estates for transporting tenants for agricultural labor.                    

11. In early seventeenth-century Massachusetts, freeman status was granted to adult males who:           

a.   were freed slaves.          

b.   owned land, regardless of their church membership.         

c.   were landowning church members.          

d.   voted.         

e.   had served their term as indentured servants.      

Answer:   were landowning church members.                        

12. In the 1650s, who pushed England toward a policy of expanding territory and commercialism?           

a.   Charles II.         

b.   Oliver Cromwell.          

c.   James I.          

d.   Charles I.          

e.   John Smith.                            

Answer: Oliver Cromwell.

13. Which of the following best describes how the English viewed Native American ties to the land?

a.   Although they felt the natives had  no claim since they did not cultivate or improve the land, the English  usually bought their land, albeit through treaties they forced on  Indians.          

b.   They encouraged settlers to move onto Native American land and take it.          

c.   The English offered natives the chance to remain on the land as slaves and, when this offer was declined, forced them off of it.          

d.   They simply tried to wipe out Native Americans and then took their land.          

e.   They totally respected those ties  and let the natives stay in all rural areas, negotiating settlements to  obtain the coastal lands.  

Answer:  Although they felt the natives had  no claim since they did not cultivate or improve the land, the English  usually bought their land, albeit through treaties they forced on  Indians.                       

14. When comparing the Chesapeake colonies to the New England settlements:    

a.   tobacco grew better in New England.          

b.   Virginia emphasized religion.          

c.   in the beginning, Virginia had more women.          

d.   there were more indentured servants in the Chesapeake region.          

e.   New England had much more peaceful relations with the Native Americans.   

Answer:    there were more indentured servants in the Chesapeake region.                      

15. The Diggers of Great Britain:   

a.   influenced the development of the  American colonies, because some of their members and ideas crossed the  Atlantic to the New World.          

b.   proposed building a tunnel to Rome  to surprise and overpower the Catholic Church, thereby eliminating a  source of controversy in English society.          

c.   executed King James I.          

d.   sought to eliminate male ownership of land as a means of promoting social equality for women.           e.   overthrew parliamentary forces in 1642.     

Answer:     influenced the development of the  American colonies, because some of their members and ideas crossed the  Atlantic to the New World.                            

16. How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom?         

a.   They published pamphlets criticizing their masters, displaying their love of free speech.          

b.   They became abolitionists, fighting to end slavery in British North America.          

c.   They insisted on their right to serve in the militia, because they believed in the right to bear arms.    

d.   Some of them ran away or were disobedient to their masters.          

e.   They sent letters home telling their fellow Englishmen that the American colonies offered special opportunities for freedom.

Answer:   Some of them ran away or were disobedient to their masters.                             

17. A central element in the definition of English liberty was:

a.   the right to a trial by jury.          

b.   that each English citizen owned a copy of the English Constitution.          

c.   freedom of expression.          

d.   what an individual king or queen said it was.          

e.   the right to self-incrimination.     

Answer:        the right to a trial by jury.                   

18. Jamestown was originally settled only by men.         

True                       

False     

Answer: True                       

19. For most New Englanders, Indians represented:

  a.   survival.          

b.   curiosities.           

c.   culture.          

d.   savagery.          

e.   teachers.  

Answer:   savagery.                               

20. Which of the following lists these colonies in the proper  chronological order by the dates they were founded, from the earliest to  the latest?  

a.   Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Jamestown.          

b.   Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Jamestown.         

c.   Jamestown, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island.          

d.   Plymouth, Jamestown, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island.          

e.   Jamestown, Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Rhode Island.   

Answer: Jamestown, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island.

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